Njengamanje, amajeneretha edizili asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene futhi ayimishini kagesi ekhethwayo yokunikeza amandla ayisipele uma kwenzeka ukucima kukagesi kungazelelwe noma ukusetshenziswa kukagesi nsuku zonke yizinkampani.Amajeneretha edizili nawo asetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezikude noma emisebenzini yasensimini.Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga ijeneretha yedizili, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ijeneretha ingakwazi ukuhlinzeka ugesi ngokusebenza kahle kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukuba nokuqonda okucacile kwama-kilowatts (kW), ama-kilovolt amperes (kVA), kanye nesici samandla (PF) umehluko phakathi kwabo ubalulekile:
I-Kilowatt (kW) isetshenziselwa ukukala ugesi wangempela ohlinzekwa ngamajeneretha, osetshenziswa ngokuqondile izinto zikagesi kanye nemishini ezakhiweni.
Linganisa amandla abonakalayo kuma-kilovolt amperes (kVA).Lokhu kuhlanganisa amandla asebenzayo (kW), kanye namandla asebenzayo (kVAR) asetshenziswa amathuluzi afana namamotho nama-transformer.Amandla asebenzayo awasetshenziswa, kodwa azungeza phakathi komthombo wamandla nomthwalo.
Isici samandla isilinganiso samandla asebenzayo namandla abonakalayo.Uma isakhiwo sisebenzisa u-900kW kanye no-1000kVA, amandla angu-0.90 noma angu-90%.
I-nameplate yegenerator kadizili inamanani alinganiselwe e-kW, kVA, ne-PF.Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungazikhethela isethi yejeneretha kadizili ekufanele kakhulu, isiphakamiso esingcono kakhulu ukuthi ube nonjiniyela kagesi ochwepheshile anqume usayizi wesethi.
Umthamo omkhulu we-kilowatt wejeneretha unqunywa injini yedizili eyishayelayo.Isibonelo, cabanga ngejeneretha eshayelwa injini yedizili yamahhashi angu-1000 esebenza kahle ngo-95%:
Amandla amahhashi angu-1000 alingana nama-kilowatts angu-745.7, okungamandla e-shaft anikezwe i-generator.
Ukusebenza kahle kuka-95%, amandla aphezulu okukhipha angu-708.4kW
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-kilovolt ampere ephezulu incike ku-voltage elinganiselwe kanye namanje we-generator.Kunezindlela ezimbili zokulayisha ngokweqile isethi ye-generator:
Uma umthwalo oxhunywe kujeneretha udlula ama-kilowatt akaliwe, uzolayisha kakhulu injini.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma umthwalo udlula i-kVA elinganisiwe, izolayisha kakhulu i-generator winding.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula lokhu, njengoba ngisho noma umthwalo kuma-kilowatts ungaphansi kwenani elilinganiselwe, i-generator ingase ilayishe ngokweqile ku-kilovolt amperes.
Uma isakhiwo sisebenzisa u-1000kW kanye no-1100kVA, isici samandla sizokhuphuka sibe ngu-91%, kodwa ngeke sidlule umthamo wesethi ye-generator.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma i-generator isebenza ku-1100kW kanye no-1250kVA, amandla akhuphuka aze afike ku-88%, kodwa injini kadizili igcwele ngokweqile.
Amajeneretha kadizili nawo angalayishwa kakhulu nge-kVA kuphela.Uma imishini isebenza ku-950kW kanye no-1300kVA (73% PF), noma injini kadizili ingalayishiwe kakhulu, amawindi azobe egcwele ngokweqile.
Kafushane, amajeneretha kadizili angadlula isici sawo samandla alinganisiwe ngaphandle kwenkinga, inqobo nje uma i-kW ne-kVA zihlala zingaphansi kwamanani azo akaliwe.Akunconywa ukusebenza ngaphansi kwe-PF elinganiselwe, njengoba ukusebenza kahle kwejeneretha kuphansi kakhulu.Okokugcina, ukweqa isilinganiso se-kW noma isilinganiso se-kVA kuzolimaza okokusebenza.
Ukuthi Izinto Zamandla Aholayo Nezisilele Kanjani Ziwathinta Kanjani Amajeneretha Kadizili
Uma kuphela ukumelana kuxhunywe kujeneretha futhi i-voltage kanye nezamanje kukalwa, amagagasi awo e-AC azofana lapho eboniswa ensimbini yedijithali.Amasiginali amabili ayashintshana phakathi kwamanani avumayo noma amabi, kodwa awela kokubili u-0V no-0A kanyekanye.Ngamanye amazwi, i-voltage kanye ne-current kusesigabeni.
Kulokhu, isici samandla somthwalo singu-1.0 noma i-100%.Kodwa-ke, isici samandla semishini eminingi ezakhiweni asiyona i-100%, okusho ukuthi i-voltage yabo ne-current izosusana:
Uma i-voltage ephezulu ye-AC ihola amandla amanje aphezulu, umthwalo unesici samandla esilele.Imithwalo enalokhu kuziphatha ibizwa ngokuthi imithwalo ye-inductive, ehlanganisa ama-motor kagesi nama-transformers.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma i-current ihola i-voltage, umthwalo unesici samandla esiholayo.Umthwalo onalokhu kuziphatha ubizwa ngokuthi i-capacitive load, ehlanganisa amabhethri, amabhange e-capacitor, nezinye izinto zikagesi.
Amabhilidi amaningi anemithwalo ye-inductive eyengeziwe kune-capacitive loads.Lokhu kusho ukuthi isici samandla esiphelele sivamise ukusala, futhi amasethi ejeneretha kadizili aklanyelwe lolu hlobo lomthwalo.Kodwa-ke, uma isakhiwo sinemithwalo ye-capacitive eminingi, umnikazi kufanele aqaphele ngoba amandla kagesi okuphehla amandla azontengantenga njengoba isici samandla sithuthuka.Lokhu kuzocupha ukuvikela okuzenzakalelayo, kunqamule idivayisi esakhiweni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-23-2024