Iyini I-Genset?

Uma uqala ukuhlola izinketho zamandla eziyisipele zebhizinisi lakho, ikhaya, noma indawo yokusebenza, cishe uzobona igama elithi “genset.”Iyini ngempela i-genset?Futhi isetshenziselwa ini?

Kafushane, elithi “genset” lifushane elithi “generator set.”Ivamise ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana negama elijwayeleke kakhulu, elithi “generator.”Iwumthombo wamandla ophathwayo osebenzisa injini ukukhiqiza ugesi.

Isetshenziselwa ini i-genset?

Umphakathi wanamuhla awukwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kukagesi.Kusukela ku-Wi-Fi nokuxhumana kuya ekukhanyeni nasekulawuleni isimo sezulu, amabhizinisi namakhaya kudinga ukusakazwa kwamandla okuqhubekayo ukuze kusebenze.

Amasethi e-generatoringangeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikeleka uma kwenzeka ama-brownout noma ukuphela kwamandla.Amajeneretha alindile angagcina amasistimu abalulekile esebenza ezikhungweni zezokwelapha, amabhizinisi, nasezindlini uma kwenzeka amandla okusebenza enqamuka.

I-Gensets futhi ingahlinzeka ngokuhlinzeka kwamandla kagesi eziqukethwe ngokwawo ezindaweni ezikude ngaphandle kwegridi yamandla.Lezi zihlanganisa izindawo zokwakha, amakamu, izindawo zasemaphandleni, ngisho nezimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba.Avumela abantu ukuthi basebenzise amandla okwakha, ukuhlola, noma ukuphila ngaphandle kwendlela eshaywe.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamajeneretha kagesi.Zonke zinezingxenye ezifanayo, zidinga uhlobo oluthile lukaphethiloli, futhi zisethwe kuhlaka oluyisisekelo.Kodwa kukhona umehluko omkhulu, futhi.

Isebenza kanjani i-genset?

Amajeneretha kagesi asebenza ngendlela efanayo neyezimoto.Bane "prime mover" (injini) kanye ne-alternator.

Injini iguqula uphethiloli onjengophethiloli, udizili, i-biogas, noma igesi yemvelo (amandla amakhemikhali) abe amandla emishini.

Amandla emishini azungeza i-alternator rotor ukuze kwakhe amandla kagesi.

Ama-alternator anezingxenye ezimbili: i-rotor ne-stator.Lapho i-rotor ijikeleza, insimu kazibuthe phakathi kwe-rotor ne-stator idala i-voltage (i-electromagnetic induction).

Lapho i-voltage ku-stator ixhuma emthwalweni, idala ugesi ozinzile.

Amakhaya amaningi namabhizinisi athola ukusebenzisa ama-genset kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba lapho amandla ekhiqizwa, angasetshenziswa ngokushesha.AmaGenset aqeda ngempumelelo noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yokuphelelwa amandla.

I-AC vs. DC gensets: Uyini umehluko?

Wonke amajeneretha asebenzisa i-electromagnetic induction, kodwa ukusetha okuhlukile kungakhiqiza izinhlobo ezimbili zamandla kagesi — i-alternating current (AC) noma i-direct current (DC).

Iningi elikhulu lama-genset wuhlobo lwe-AC, kodwa kufanelekile ukwazi umehluko.

Njengoba igama layo lisho, ukushintshashintsha kwamanje kushintsha inkomba.Izungeza emuva naphambili izikhathi eziningi ngomzuzwana.Ugesi we-AC ungahamba ngamandla kagesi aphezulu, okuwenza ube usizo ekulethweni kwebanga elide kugridi kagesi.I-voltage ye-transformer "yehla" ukuze isetshenziswe ngezinga elincane.Amajeneretha e-AC asetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa izinjini ezincane, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, amakhompyutha, kanye nemishini yasehhovisi.

I-Direct current igeleza ibheke endaweni eyodwa ku-voltage ephansi.Ihlala ingashintshi ukusuka kujeneretha kuya endaweni yokugcina.Amajeneretha e-DC anika amandla amamotho kagesi amakhulu (njengamasistimu angaphansi komhlaba), amabhange amabhethri namaseli elanga, nezibani ze-LED.

Yiziphi izingxenye ze-genset?

Amasethi e-generator ngokuvamile analezi zingxenye:

Injini/motho.Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-genset, isebenza kuphethiloli.Izinjini ezinhle zakhiwe ziqine ngokwanele ukuze zihlangabezane nesidingo futhi zisebenze ezimeni ezimbi (okungukuthi, isimo sezulu esibi).

I-Alternator.Le ngxenye iguqula amandla emishini abe ugesi;ngaphandle kwawo, awekho amandla.

Iphaneli yokulawula.Lokhu kusebenza "njengobuchopho" be-genset, ukulawula nokulawula zonke ezinye izingxenye.

Isistimu yamafutha.Le ngxenye iqukethe amathangi okugcina kanye namapayipi athumela uphethiloli enjinini.

Isilawuli samandla kagesi.Lokhu kulawula inani le-voltage ekhiqizwa yi-genset futhi iguqule i-A/C yamanje ibe yi-D/C yamanje.

Uhlaka oluyisisekelo/izindlu.Uhlaka oluyisisekelo lusekela ijeneretha futhi lubamba izingxenye ndawonye.Iphinde isebenze njengesistimu evimbela ukudlidliza kanye nesisekelo, futhi ingase ifake noma ingagcini ithangi likaphethiloli.Ingase ibekwe phezu kwamasondo ukuze ikwazi ukuthwala.

Indlela yokudonsa intambo noma ibhethri.Kudingeka inhlansi yokuqala ukuze kuqalwe inqubo yokuvutha kwejeneretha ephathekayo.Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngomshini wentambo yokudonsa (njengomshini wokusika utshani) noma i-starter motor enikwa amandla yibhethri le-DC.

Iswishi yokudlulisa eyenziwa mathupha noma ezenzakalelayo.Iswishi yokudlulisa iqondisa amandla phakathi komthombo oyinhloko (amandla okusetshenziswayo) kanye nomsizi (ijeneretha).Lokhu kugcina ukuhamba kukagesi kuhambisana futhi kuvimbela ukuphazamiseka okuyingozi.

Ibhokisi le-Baffle noma ebiyelwe.Ngokuvamile esenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali, lesi sitsha sinciphisa umsindo, sinqande ukugqwala, futhi senza kube lula ukugeleza komoya ukuze kuphole injini.

Amajeneretha awadingi ukunakekelwa okujulile, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda izindlela zawo zangaphakathi.Ngale ndlela, ungenza ukuvikela nokunakekela okuvamile njengoba kudingeka, kanye nokwazi ukuthi u-oda kanjani izingxenye ezishintshayo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-genset?

Amajeneretha afika ngosayizi abahlukene futhi angasebenzisa imithombo yamafutha ehlukene.Okulandelayo amasistimu kaphethiloli ejeneretha ahlukene, okuhlanganisa okuhle nokubi ngakunye.

Amajeneretha kaphethiloli

Amajeneretha kaphethiloli ayindlela ethandwa kakhulu ngoba uphethiloli utholakala kalula.Ama-genset asebenza ngegesi nawo aphansi esikalini samanani, futhi ayaphatheka kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sokusebenzisa i-gas genset singaphila isikhashana futhi uphethiloli ungasebenzi kahle.Uphethiloli uhlala usebenza lapho ugcinwe khona isikhathi esingangonyaka.Kodwa futhi ivutha kakhulu, okungadala ingozi ezindaweni ezithile.

Amajeneretha edizili

Izinjini zikadizili zinamandla kunezinjini zikaphethiloli.Uphethiloli we-diesel nawo awuvuthi, futhi ukutholakala kwawo kusabalele kakhulu.Ngokulungiswa okufanele, ama-diesel gensets angahlala isikhathi eside.

Izithiyo ezinkulu ukuthi uphethiloli we-diesel muhle kuphela iminyaka emibili, futhi ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kuyabiza.Izinjini zikadizili nazo zidala ukukhishwa kwesisi esindayo.

Amajeneretha e-Biodiesel

I-biodiesel fuel iyingxube kadizili neminye imithombo yebhayoloji, njengamafutha ezilwane noma amafutha emifino.Njengoba ivutha ngokukhishwa kwe-petroleum ephansi, iyakwazi ukuhambisana nemvelo, idala imfucuza encane kanye ne-fossil fuel footprint encane.

I-drawback enkulu, nokho, amazinga omsindo ahlotshaniswa nezinjini ze-biodiesel.

Izinketho zokukhishwa okuncane

Amajeneretha angaphinda asetshenziswe ngezinketho zokukhishwa okuncane, okuhlanganisa igesi yemvelo, i-propane, noma amandla elanga.

Igesi yemvelo itholakala kabanzi futhi iyathengeka, futhi ingahamba isuka ezindaweni ezigciniwe ze-shale, okusho ukuthi akukho ukugcwaliswa kabusha.Kodwa-ke, okubi kakhulu ukuthi i-generator yegesi yemvelo ayiphatheki kalula futhi kuyabiza ukuyifaka.

I-propane iyasha ngokuhlanzekile futhi ineshalofu ende yokuphila kodwa futhi ivutha kakhulu.Izindleko zokufaka ziphakeme, futhi lawa majeneretha ashisa uphethiloli ophindwe kathathu kunalawo asebenzisa udizili.

Amajeneretha elanga ashajwa yilanga, ngakho-ke i-fossil fuel footprint ayikho, futhi ukusebenza kulula.I-drawback lapha ukunikezwa kwamandla okulinganiselwe.Futhi, isikhathi sokushaja sihamba kancane;uma ingagcinwanga imali eyanele, ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli okungalungile kungase kuphazamise.

Amajeneretha amancane agcina ikhophi yasendlini ngokuvamile asebenzisa uphethiloli, kodwa amajeneretha amakhulu ezimbonini ngokuvamile asebenzisa udizili noma igesi yemvelo.

Genset osayizi kanye nokusetshenziswa

Amajeneretha anezinhlobonhlobo zamandla aphumayo kanye nesivinini senjini.Zingakwazi ukuma zodwa noma zixhunywe ezakhiweni.Amanye amajeneretha aphathekayo anamasondo noma afakwe kuma-trailer ukuze akwazi ukudonswa esuka endaweni eyodwa aye kwenye.

Lapho ukhetha i-genset, uzofuna ukuhlola izici ezifana nokukhiqiza amandla, ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli, ukwethembeka, nokwakhiwa okuqinile.

Ukuqonda ukuphuma kwamandla kagesi kuyasiza, futhi: Okukhiphayo kukalwa ngama-watts noma ama-kilowatt.Amajeneretha amakhulu angakhiqiza ugesi owengeziwe kodwa abe nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphezulu;Nokho, amajeneretha amancane angase angawakhiqizi amandla owadingayo.

Ukuqonda okuqinile kwezidingo zakho zamandla kuyisihluthulelo sokukusiza ukuthi ukhethe i-genset yekhwalithi.

Izinzuzo ze-gensets

Uma ikhaya lakho noma ibhizinisi lakho linikezwa izitshalo zamandla ezigugayo noma imigqa, kusho ukuthi ujwayelene nokuphazamiseka.Kuyafana uma uhlala noma usebenza endaweni ethambekele kwizehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi njengeziphepho noma iziphepho zeqhwa.

Ukuphelelwa amandla kusho ukuthi uvalwe ngokuphumelelayo.Kumabhizinisi, noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka noma isikhathi sokungasebenzi singaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezimali.

Ngakho-ke, kunezinzuzo eziningi ezihlobene nokusebenzisa i-genset.

Ingasetshenziswa njengomthombo wamandla oyinhloko noma oyisipele.

Isebenza njengomthombo oyinhloko wamandla wamaphrojekthi wokwakha noma imisebenzi ekude.

Isebenza njengomthombo wamandla ophuthumayo esimweni sokunqamuka kukagesi wegridi okungalindelekile.

Inikeza ukuvikeleka kuma-brownouts, okungaphazamisa.

Ikhiqiza ukonga ezindaweni lapho isidingo esikhulu segridi siphezulu - futhi, ngenxa yalokho, eqolo.

Amajeneretha wamandla ezimo eziphuthumayo anikeza amandla athembekile okugwema ukulahlekelwa kwezimali kanye nokuphulwa kwezokuphepha.Bangavimbela ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukuphila ezibhedlela nasemakhaya asebekhulile.Amabhizinisi amaningi athembele kuma-genset ukuze adambise imithelela emibi yokunqamuka kukagesi.Lokhu kubasiza ukuthi baqhubeke nokusebenza, ngisho nasezikhathini ezinzima.

Ukuba ne-genset elungile uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwamandla kungaba ukusindisa impilo, ngezinye izikhathi ngokoqobo.Futhi ngisho nasezimeni ezingezona ngempela ukuphila noma ukufa, i-genset ingaqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.